*These include foreigners who were naturalized as Hawaiian subjects and people who were born in the Kingdom of foreign parents, who became Hawaiian nationals by birth. 

Source:  Report of the General Superintendent of the 1890 census,  Published in Honolulu in 1891.  For this census, there were 54 enumerators used for the Island of Hawaii, and they enumerated a total of 26,754 people on that island.  They also employed interpreters.

Hawaii was annexed by the United States in 1898, so first Federal US census available is 1900.  In this census the areas are broken down by Islands.  The exception for this census is the island of Niihau was enumerated as E.D. 84 of Kauai; the island of Kahoolawe as E.D. 107, and Lanai as E.D. 100 of Maui.

Counties were established beginning in 1905. By 1910 these included Kauai County with Niihau as E.D. 16; Maui County with Kahoolawe as E.D. 91, Lanai as E.D. 95, Molokai as E.D. 72, and Honolulu County with the Midway Islands as E.D. 135. The 1910 U.S. census of Hawaii is indexed and has been published. In 1910 Kalawao County on the island of Molokai was comprised of a leper colony.