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Microfilm Ref Call #373 Microfilm Order #M1992.4466 from The Alabama Department of Archives and History THE VERNON PIONEER “Agriculture, Labor, The Mechanic Arts and Literature” Volume III Vernon, Lamar Co, Ala. May 18, 1877 No. 6 PROFESSIONAL CARDS MCCLUSKY & MCMULLAN , JNO. D. MCCLUSKEY and JNO. R. MCCULLAN, Attorneys-At-Law and Solicitors in Chancery – Vernon, Alabama - will practice in Lamar, Fayette, Marion, and the Courts of the 3rd Judicial Circuit. Special attention given to the collection of claims, and matters of administration. SAMUEL J. SHIELDS, Attorney At Law and Solicitor in Chancery, Vernon, Alabama. Will practice in the counties of Lamar, Fayette, Marion, and the Courts of the 3rd Judicial Circuit. Special attention given to the collection of claims. THOS. B. NESMITH – Solicitor for the 3rd Judicial Circuit. Vernon, Lamar Co., Ala. NESMITH & SANFORD – T. B. NESMITH, Vernon, Ala. JOHN B. SANFORD, Fayette C. H. Attorneys at Law. Partners in the Civil practice in the counties of Fayette and Lamar. Will practice separately in the adjoining counties. EARNEST & EARNEST. W. R. EARNEST GEO. S. EARNEST, Attorneys-At-Law and Solicitors in Chancery. Birmingham and Vernon, Ala. Will practice in the counties of this Judicial Circuit. WILLIAM R. SMITH, Attorney At Law. Tuskaloosa, Ala. Will give prompt attention to all businesses trusted to his care. Will practice in the Federal Courts, at Huntsville, Montgomery, and Mobile. Q. O. ECKFORD, Attorney at Law, Aberdeen, Monroe County, Mississippi. Will practice in the Chancery and Circuit Courts of Monroe, Lowndes, Chickasaw, Itawamba, Lee, Prentiss, Alcorn and Tishimingo counties. Special attention given to the collection of claims and matters of administration. MEDICAL Dr. W. L. MORTON & BRO., A. L. MORTON M. W. MORTON. Physicians & Surgeons. Vernon, Lamar Co., Ala. Tender their professional services to the citizens of Lamar and adjacent country. Thankful for patronage heretofore extended, we hope to merit a respectable share in the future. Drug Store. SID. B. SMITH, M. D. Surgeon & Physician. Vernon, Alabama. Offers his professional services to the citizens of Vernon and vicinity. Office – at Pioneer office. ADVERTISEMENT – When you go to Tuskaloosa remember E. SNOW & CO. where you can get the best cash bargains in dry goods; shoes, hats, crockery, notions, sugar, coffee, powder, shot, tobacco, &c. &c. E. Snow & Co. will buy and pay cash for all kinds of furs, beaver, otter, mink, coon, &c. Be sure and see them. POEM – “Fuga Mundi” Why let the stricken deer go weep, This hart ungalled (go) play, For some must watch, while some must sleep; Thus runs the world away – Hamlet Like snowy lilies, flest as fine, Whose fragrance course is run, Like dewdrops on the eglantine, Like frost-work in the sun So vanish youth’s delightful dreams; So beauty’s harms decay; For nothing is but only seems Thus runs the world Away! Like foam upon the billows bright, Like sunset’s gorgeous dyes. Like moonbeams shedding silver light O’er the jeweled skies – So swiftly from our visions glide Here’s plans and projects gay; Alone we roam at eventide, Thus runs the world away! Of friends whom ruthless Time destroys We’re day by day bereft The specters of our perished joys, Are all the comrades left. Love’s chain is broken link by link We sing this mournful day, Forlorn upon the river’s bank Thus runs the world away. ARTICLE – “A LECTURE ON CHEMISTRY.” Delivered at Centenary College. Jackson, Louisiana By PROF. D. M. RUSH. The true presentations of nature are always either beautiful or sublime, and thus, at once, comment themselves to her ardent admirers, as the pleasing objects of patient study and the fruitful source of varied and unceasing interest. Her repositories are replete with detachments of miniature museums of rare fascinations. In these wonderful collocations formed and manipulated by the infinite skill of the divine Hand, the mind apprehends true science, the imagination finds pleasure, and the soul sees its God. It is here that we, illuminated by the light of Revelation, view in lonely union, the beautiful, the true and the good. It is not surprising that the greatest and noblest minds of every age, have loved and admired nature, that the heathen should have found the idol of his worship among her most brilliant manifestations, or that the Psalms should have sung, centuries ago, in strain so inimitable. “The heavens declare the glory of God, and the firmament showeth his handiwork. Day unto day uttered speech, and night unto night showeth knowledge.” But not all the many beautiful and instructive volumes of nature’s works are inscribed on her face, to be read and enjoyed alike by all, as well by the unthinking sensualist, as by the diligent, self denying student; but far within the line that marks the coincidence of the exterior realms of her teachings and treasures, are to be found a system of knowledge, a type of beauty and a display of symmetry in the elements of matter truly wonderful, and such as have never been conceived by the imagination of those who hold themselves on the confines of this hidden dominion. The external walks of nature are thronged with votaries, who have an eye for her pictures and an ear for her melodies, but either content with these spontaneous profusion, or repelled by the seemingly dark and unviting aspect of the internal domain within whose labyrinths they unconsciously live, move, have their being and their end, they linger among the “prima facia” offerings of nature’s munificence without an attempt to invade the subtle precincts of her great store-houses of wealth. It is the peculiar province of chemical science to penetrate these seclusions of nature, unlock her princely treasures and give the valuable contents to the world; an achievement which, at once, imposes the necessity of investigating the laws, together with their mode of action, which control and perpetuate the empire of the unrevealed elements of all substances. Its likewise the more delicate office of chemistry to ascertain the nature and properties of these elements, their mutual actions and combinations, the proportions in which they unite to form the endless variety of compounds, the modes of separating them when combines, and to take cognizance of the immediate powers which preside over these agencies. As an art, Chemistry reaches back, within narrow limits, so far as to connect us organically with antiquity. The ancients accepted, utilized and enjoyed in some measure at least the results of chemical actions, without any conception of the science underlying; and connecting these various transformations, or without pausing to inquire into the causes of such action. Noah is said to have planted a vineyard, made wine and enjoyed its exhilarating effects. Fermentation in its intricate processes, has been a source of immense benefit to the world, from the days of the antediluvian to the present, year it has never been thoroughly understood till within the last twelve months. As an isolation of the art, but not of the science of Chemistry, it has been studied and applied with great success. As a science, it was scarcely conceived previously to the beginning of the seventeenth century, and thence towards the present, for a long period, its progress was slow, doubtful and unsatisfactory, and every step it made in the right direction was a conquest of disputed ground. The ancient philosophical systems, like the fabled Upastee, exhaled influence not only unfriendly, but, in many respects, positively fatal to true progression; and it was not until the futility of these systems was exposed, and their pernicious exhalations dissipated, that a nucleus could be established for the rapid accretions of scientific truth. With this advantage gained, began that rigid form of experimental inquiry which “first procures the light, and then shows the way by its means” It cannot be denied that the alchemist had done much in furnishing germs for the future development of this science by accumulating a great number of valuable, but isolated facts; nor can it be denied that they had applied themselves with unwearying assiduity to the study of the abstract properties and mutual agencies and relations of the greater number of natural production. But as many theorists have done, they faded of successful applications of these numerous facts, and thus expended their time and labor on unattainable and visionary objects. Their inventions and discoveries, as Lord Bacon justly and forcibly observed are well represented in the fable of the old man who left an estate to his children, buried, as he said, in his vineyard, which they therefore fail to dig and search for with great diligence, whereby though they found no gold in substance, yet they found an abundant vintage for their labor. So assuredly has the search and stir for gold produced a great number of fruitful experiments. From their limited and imperfect analysis, the ancient philosophers concluded that earth, water, air and fire were the ultimate constituents, or original material from which are produced the diversified forms and interminable variety of matter, and hence, assumed that these were elements or primary matter. But modern chemistry makes deliverance wholly subversive of this erroneous theory, and deposes these monarchs of the world, and distributes the prerogatives claimed for them among a much more numbers but less pretentious class. …..To be continued. ARTICLE – “INCREASED COTTON MANUFACTURING” – from The Mobile Register Several Southern Senators and members of Congress have had under discussion a plan which will be submitted to the next session for increasing the facilities for manufacturing cotton goods in the South by admitting, free of duty, foreign machinery for making cotton. Such importations are for actual use by the importers, and are not to be offered for sale. If such a bill is passed it is stated that the machinery of two English companies will be transferred to Columbia, S. C. and cotton factories established at leading points in all the cotton growing states. Gov. Hampton, Senators Lamar and Gordon, Gov. Garland and others, favor the scheme. It appears to us that the Southern members of Congress should be united in favor of such a scheme and should insist upon its adoption. Very soon after the war, Congress showed a disposition to exempt from duties all foreign made machinery imported by those who intended to use it in factories. A bill to that effect came very near passing. There are greater reasons now why such a bill should pass. It is demonstrated that American cotton factories are no longer in need of protection. The Eastern factories are selling goods to England, to South America, to India, and to other markets heretofore occupied by British goods. Such being the fact an accumulation of factories in this country will in no way detract from those already in existence. There is room for all, since the markets of the whole world are to be supplied from the cotton fields of the United States. The competition having become so sharp, many of the mills in Europe have been forced to suspend. They are far from the raw material. They cannot compete with the United States. But large sums of money remain invested in machinery. If the mountain will not go to Mohamet, it follows that Mohamet will go to the mountain. The machinery must be transported to the field where it can be made productive. It is reasonable therefore to believe that the enactment of such a wise law as is here indicated will result in the transfer to these Southern States of much of the now idle machinery of Great Britain. Especially will this be the case if our States, with a liberal spirit should exempt factories from taxation. With these advantages in our favor we would find that a factory of 3,000 spindles, costing $50,000 at American prices for machinery, would start with a large percentage in its favor. Its advantage of position gives it one cent per pound over the New England factory and something more over the English factory. This is equivalent to $6,000 per annum, of 12 percent upon the capital stock. The cost of American machinery, protected by a duty of 45 percent upon foreign machinery, machinery may be set down at one third more than the imported machinery. A saving of $10,000 dollars on the machinery is equal to one and six-tenths per cent upon the capital stock. The relief of the factory from State and county tax is worth three and four-tenths percent upon the capital stock. Altogether we have an advantage in these particulars for our proposed Mobile factory of seventeen percent. Why should any man of means hesitate to encourage such enterprises! Without them we must remain impoverished, doomed to set the field of cotton production receding to the richer lands of the West, and no new filed of industry taking its place. With them we enter upon a new career of wealth and general prosperity. ARTICLE – “ENGLAND’S CONDITION FOR WAR” – from The London Cor. to N. Y. World And what is England to do in all this? Hold aloof as long as she is able, and fight when she isn’t. That is the long and the short of the story. She will fight if her Eastern possessions are threatened, and not without. I do not myself believe, and I write it with reluctance, that England is in any condition to make war. Her commerce – where is it all going to? I hope your readers have not yet forgotten what I wrote to them about cotton manufactures here some weeks ago. It is all true, and people are just beginning to see it. The Chancellor of the Exchequer was obliged to acknowledge the other night – how could he help it? That the exports are falling off with ominous regularity, and Mr. Baxter stated that the manufacturing trade was never worse than it is at present. In fact, I look forward with apprehension to the next two or three years in England. What is there to cause a great revival of trade or increase the prosperity of the people? A war? That will do you good on your side of the ocean, for you will virtually have to supply the combatants with food if hostilities are at all protracted. We shall not grow half enough in England this year to feed the mouths at home. A large part of the country is still under water. I traveled through Sussex last week and it is a most distressing sight to see the wretched state of the land. The farmers can do nothing – they ought to have got their seed in long ago, but although it may be wise to cast your bread upon waters, it is of no use to fling your seed there. A farmer showed me some fields on a hillside -----which he had sown one day and the next morning he found the seed in the turnpike road. Heavy rains during the night had washed it all days. What sort of a harvest are we likely to have with such a beginning as this? Yet it would not do to overlook the fact that England has not only enormous borrowing power, but that millions of money could and would be brought out in a moment from the -----sources of the people, if they were needed. England as a borrower would command confidence in every market but she could carry on a long and desperate contest before she need appear as a borrower at all. And this it is which gives her a power and an influence such as her army and navy never could obtain for her. As for her army, I am sorry to say it is almost a farce to speak of it. The Duke of Cambridge pretty nearly strangles it. His own personal friends are foisted into every position of consequence, and an officer who has shown any signs of marked ability instantly provokes his jealousy and displeasure. He is keeping down able men, as likely to get in his way. The British service has no abler man at its disposal than Sir Garnet Wolesley, and Sir Garnet, on that very account, has no more implacable foe in England than the Duke of Cambridge. This sounds very improbable. I am aware of it. I have thought so when one officer after another has assured me of it. But it is a fact; of that there cannot be the slightest question. The Duke is himself a most incompetent man to be the head of an army, and he knows it, and he hates competent men as a certain personage is said to hate the holy water. The army will never be in excellent condition while it is deemed necessary that a royal Duke should be at the head of it, no matter whether he had anything in his head or not. An army to be properly officered, should be commanded by some man who has shown fitness for the post, and not placed under control of a gentleman who has no other claim to stand at the head of the service than that he is the cousin of the Queen, and showed a tremendous desire to run away from the only battle in which he was ever accidentally caught. If you hear the common talk of men, who have seen real service in the army, you would perhaps come to the conclusion that the present figurehead style of business is destined to come to an end at no distant day, and that royal Dukes will have to get back to royal palaces, and leave the hard work of a nation to be done by men who have a little more brains in their heads than a canary bird. ARTICLE – “DEAR WHEAT - CAUSES OF THE RECENT ADVANCE A PROSPECT OF CONTINUED HIGH PRICES” – from The Chicago Tribune The price of wheat in this market advanced again yesterday, and will continue to advance to a much higher point. Wheat is selling in Milwaukee at 10 cents higher than in Chicago, and yet the receipts of wheat are very light. The high price fails to bring in the wheat, and the reason is that the stock in the West is very light. The daily receipts in Chicago do not exceed an average of eight carloads. The inference from all the facts is that the surplus wheat of last year’s crop was much smaller than it was supposed to have been. The crop of the Pacific States has been sent forward. The most formidable competitor the United States have in the British grain market is Russia, including the Turkish provinces. The troubles between Russia and Turkey began last fall at the close of the harvest, which troubles have continued to threaten the peace of the two countries ever since. The only route from Odessa is through Turkish waters, and in anticipation of the close of the route all the wheat that Odessa has had to sell has long since been forwarded to England, and mainly by steamers. The Russian supply has, therefore, been anticipated long since, and there is not a bushel more in Odessa that can be drawn by Europe. The depression in American wheat during the close of 1876 was due to the fact that the weak Russian supply had been received in Liverpool and England being overstocked had no need of American wheat, and has had no special need of it until quite recently. The fact then of the wheat supply from Russian ports has already been ----the surplus in the United States is a limited one; and the stock on hand in Liverpool is not a large one. On the first of April 1877 the stock on hand in Liverpool as compared with other dates in 1876 was as follows: (can’t read numbers – too faded) It will be seen that, notwithstanding the exhaustion of the Russian supply, the stock of wheat and flour in Liverpool is hardly equal to one-half of what it was a year ago. There is, therefore, substantial reason for the advance in wheat, resting on the short stock on hand. There is danger, of course, that this advance, under the stimulus of speculation, as well in Chicago as at the Atlantic ports and in Liverpool, may go beyond any legitimate warrant. In such case, therefore, there will be a reaction, and prices will gradually settle at the figure, which the demand may justify. It must be remembered that any serious increase in the price of wheat and flour will reduce the demand for consumption, especially in Europe, where they are accustomed to the use of substitutes. With us, cornmeal and oatmeal, because of their lower cost, take the place of flour to a large extent. At this season of the year, the supply of fresh vegetables and fruits will in some measure enable many to reduce their consumption of bread. The stock of wheat in store in this city at date is only 2,655,000 bushels, or nearly one-fourth less than the supply in Liverpool. During the last week flour has been shipped from this city to the interior of the state, thus indicating that the surplus remaining on the farms and yet to be forwarded, is pretty well reduced. No wheat from the crop of 1877 will be available in this market before the middle of August, and the effect of that crop on prices will depend on the size and the quality of the crop. The war between Russia and Turkey, even if it be a short war, will of necessity preclude any surplus crop of food in that quarter this season. The demands for a million of men in arms, and the destruction and waste by actual war, as well as the withdrawal of labor from productive employment, will exclude the possibility of any exports of grain this year or next from that part of Europe. The prospect, therefore, is that wheat will rule high the whole of this season. The danger to be apprehended is in speculation, where men are apt to take chances far beyond any reasonable limit to prices. Wheat may not yet have reached the highest limit, but dealers must never forget that there is a limit beyond which consumption will fall off. There is enough breadstuffs in the world to prevent a monopoly in wheat. ARTICLE – “CONDITION OF THE NAVY” A dispatch from Washington says: Experienced naval officers express the opinion that the United States navy should have at least ten thousand trained seamen. Initial steps for this purpose have already been taken, and we now have seven hundred boys on training ships being educated for the service. If Congress would allow a larger number of boys to be educated and make provision for them, we could soon have an efficient forde of trained seamen. Our navy now consists of seven thousand five hundred men, being the smallest of any nation in the world, except that of Portugal. The German navy, which is the youngest afloat, has eight thousand five hundred seamen. The next requisite for our service is a rifled ordinance in conformity to the plan adopted by every power on the face of the earth, and next the construction of ships. It is argued that it should be the policy of the government to build a certain number of ships every year and sell off the old ones, that our navy should have forty ships of war in commission and of this number ten should be in Eastern seas, ten on our own coast and in West India water, five on the North Pacific from ------in European waters and on the coast of Africa, three on the Brazilian coast, ---two or three in the Southern Pacific. ----------the frigates Colonada, Franklin, Minnesota and Wabash carrying from thirty-six to forty-six guns ---but they are ---with old fashioned smooth bore guns instead of having rifled ordinance, the style of armies in the navies of other nations. The only vessel in our navy carrying rifled guns is the new sloop Trenton, flagship of the European squadron Shields -----(too faint to read) PAGE 2 The Pioneer. Vernon, Ala. Published Weekly. D. R. ALDRIDGE, Publisher. SID B. SMITH, M. D., Editor & Proprietor OBITUARY- The HON. JOHN FORSYTH, for many years editor of the Mobile Register, died at his home on the 2nd inst. Mr. Forsyth was a native of Georgia, and a son of Governor Forsyth, of that state. Removing to Alabama in early life, he has occupied a prominent position in the political history of the State and country, and has filled many places of public trust and confidence with fidelity and distinction. As a journalist, he had no superior in the Southern country for intellect and capacity. As a statesman, journalist and citizen, his fame belongs to the nation. ARTICLE – The war news is conflicting and desultory; that the Russians and Turkish batteries on the opposite shores of the river Danube take an occasional spat at each other; that the Russians are concentrating and preparing to assume the offensive, proposing to crush the Turkish nation with one fill blow of her mighty paw; that that Turkey bird won’t crush worth a cent, but struts and struts, and banters the Russian bear to cross over, and, up to the present, has done the gobbling; that Romania has proclaimed independence, and will help the bear pick the Turkey; that the Turkish and Romanian batteries have exchanged compliments away up the Danube, where the Turkey gobbled again; that the Russians advanced on Batoum with heavy force and batteries of field artillery and tried to hug the Turkey, but were compelled to assume the offensive to the rear – because the Turkey gobbled again. From the field of action in Asia, the Russians have reconnoitered Dars; that the three columns of the Grand Duke Michael’s army are yet making their way to Erzeroum; that Kukhtah Pasha, the Turkish commander, is prepared to contest this advance, while holding Dars; and that the Russians have gained a victory. From other quarters there are rumors of military and naval activity of the British government; that arrangements are completed for the embarkation at short notice of large bodies of British troops. And last, but not least, the ring at Washington are suddenly alive to the Mexican depredations on the Texas borders. ARTICLE – A new expedition to capture Sonora, Mexico, is reported under the leadership of a gentleman well known in California and the Southwest, who was the youngest member of Walker’s ill-starred expedition to Costa Rica, and who long afterwards, at the head of about 80 Americans, seized the government of Guatemala and held it for near two years. A joint stock company is said to have been formed, ostensibly to settle Arizona, several hundred thousands being subscribed by San Francisco, new York and Philadelphia railroad capitalist. The attack is to be in three columns; one from Fort Yums, one by sea from San Francisco and the other from El Paso. From indications, there is yet another movement on foot for the conquest of Mexico. This one is in the interest of Laredo, claimant to the Presidency, and commencing near the Matamoras frontier. This movement is closely watched by the Dais government, to promptly meet any overt act of the Laredo party towards another revolution. ARTICLE – “MEXICAN COMPLICATIONS” - from The Mont. Advertiser There is a prospect of complications with Mexico. For a long number of years the government has been keeping troops on the Texas border to protect the inhabitants against the depredation of Mexican Banditti. Crossing the Rio Grand from the Mexican side, these men have plundered and murdered the inhabitants of Texas, New Mexico and Lower California. Against their depredations, even double the number of troops, which have been maintained by the government at an expense of millions of dollars, would be ineffectual, as they have felt safe as soon as they crossed back to Mexican soil. The Mexican authorities will not aid in suppressing these infamous outrages, and the experienced bandits, knowing the country thoroughly carry them on with comparative impunity. It is thought that Mexico favors these doing. All along the Borders, which extends over one thousand miles, is a wide strip of land called the “Free Zone” in which all imports are admitted free of duty. The purpose was to enable smugglers to cheat the United State government of its revenues by giving them a broad strip of territory in which to receive the imports without restraint, and from there run them over into United States territory. To this business of smuggling, which is carried on extensively, has been added brigandage, which the Mexican government not only tolerates, by taking no measures to suppress it, but actually encouraging the outlawry. Under these circumstances the raids have assumed a systematic and business-like character, and it is high time that the United States should adopt more aggressive measures for protecting the rich grazing farms along the border. The government has therefore determined to notify Mexico that these raids must be stopped and that the United States troops will in the future pursue them, recover the property, and bring back all that are captured to be tried on the American side. This will effectually put an end to this intolerable grievance. It may not be in strict conformity with International law – but self-protection justifies the government in defending the lives and property of its citizens even by invading the soil of another government which is too weak or too corrupt to suppress lawlessness in its own borders. But whatever complications this action of the government may produce, the people will sustain it in its performance of a plain duty. FACT The last eight crops of cotton in the South raised by “freedmen” were greater by 1,6900,000 bales than that produced the last eight years of slavery. ARTICLE – “A TIMELY RESOLUTION” At the meeting of the District Grange of Central Alabama, held in Selma on the 3rd inst. the following preamble and resolution were unanimously adopted. Whereas, the state of war now existing in Europe bids first to result in an increased demand for grain, and other articles of substance, with a low price for cotton, and consequent scarcity and want at the South should our home supplies fall short; and Whereas, The already perfected arrangements for a crop render it impracticable for our farmers to make any substantial preparation for an increase acreage; therefore, Resolved, By the Central District Grange of Alabama, that we earnestly recommend to every patron of husbandry and our farmers generally, that with a view of increasing as far as possible our corn supply, all cotton, not already so planted, be crossed with corn. ARTICLE – from The Mont. Adviser Corn is selling in many parts of Alabama at $1.25 per bushel, and in localities where it is said a few months ago there was a plentiful supply. The farmer who fails to plant an additional quantity of land in corn, is not doing his duty as a good citizen. If there is any failure or disaster to corn in the West, corn will bring $2 a bushel next year. ARTICLE The New York World thinks that there is something funny about the army question. The Democratic House cut down the appropriations several millions, and yet what is allowed was sufficient to run the department for a year and leave the Subsistence and Quartermaster departments in funds for the next four months. There is sense in the World’s comment that perhaps we had better give the screw another turn at the extra session. ARTICLE The melancholy Detroit Post, full of evil presentiments, says: It will not escape attention that as soon as the President’s Southern policy was set up in South Carolina and Louisiana, Parson Brownlow, the Union leader of East Tennessee, lay down and died, while Alexander H. Stephens, ex-Vice-President of the Confederacy, got up and lived. NOTICE – SHERIFF’S SALE State of Alabama, Lamar County C. K. COOK vs W. H. KENNEDY Under and by virtue of an execution to me directed by the Clerk of the Circuit Court of Lamar County, I will in front of the Courthouse door at Vernon, within the hours prescribed by law, on Monday, the 4th day of June, 1877, proceed to sell to the highest and best bidder for cash the following described lands, to wit: …(land description)…Sec 15, T 17, R 14 lying, being situate in the county and state aforesaid, and levied upon as the property of C. K. COOK, Plaintiff, to satisfy a judgement rendered against him for cost of suit at the Spring Term of our Circuit Court 1877. S. P. KEMP, Sheriff May 1st, 1877 NOTICE – SHERIFF’S SALE State of Alabama, Lamar County THE STATE OF ALABAMA vs sci. fa. J. T. WELCH W. W. WELCH F. M. VAILS Under and by virtue of a fi. fa. to me directed by the Clerk of the Circuit Court of Pickens County, I will on Monday the 4th day of June 1877 proceed to sell in front of the Court House door of Lamar County at Vernon, within the hours prescribed by law to the highest and best bidder for cash, the following real estate to with:…Sec 32, T 17, R 15, said lands lying, being and situate in the county of Lamar and State aforesaid, and levied on as the property of F. M. VAIL, one of the defendants. This the 1st day of May.1877. S. P. KEMP, Sheriff NOTICE – SHERIFF’S SALE State of Alabama, Lamar County THE STATE OF ALABAMA vs sci. fa. W. W. WELCH J. A. DARR Under and by virtue of a fi. fa. to me directed by the Clerk of the Circuit Court of Pickens County, I will on Monday the 4th day of June 1877, in front of the courthouse door of Lamar County, at Vernon, within the hours prescribed by law, proceed to sell to the highest and best bidder for cash the following described property, to wit:…(land description)…all in township 17, range 15, said lands lying being situated in the county of Lamar and State aforesaid, and levied on as the property of J. A. DARR, one of the defendants. This the 1st day of May 1877. S. P. KEMP, Sheriff NOTICE – SHERIFF’S SALE State of Alabama, Lamar County W. K. KIRK vs N. S. ADKINS Under and by virtue of a Venditioni Response to me directed by the Clerk of the Circuit Court in and for Lamar county, I will on Monday the 4th day of June 1877, in front of the Courthouse door of Lamar county, at Vernon, within the hours prescribed by law, proceed to sell to the highest and best bidder for cash the following described property, to wit: ….(land description)…Sec 36, T 14, R 16, lying, being and situate in the county of Lamar and State aforesaid, and levied on as the property of N. S. ADKINS, defendant to satisfy a judgement in favor of W. K. KIRK. S. P. KEMP, Sheriff May 1st, 1877 NOTICE – SHERIFF’S SALE State of Alabama, Lamar County A. A. SUMMERS vs. Attachment N. S. ADKINS P. E. ADKINS Under and by virtue of a Venditioni Exponds to me directed by the Clerk of the Circuit Court of Lamar county, I will on Monday the 4th day May 1877, in front of the Courthouse of Lamar county, at Vernon, within the hours prescribed by law, proceed to sell to the highest and best bidder for cash the following described property, to wit: …(land description)…Sec 36, T14, R16, lying being and situate in the county of Lamar and State aforesaid, and levied on as the property of N.S. ADKINS and P. E. ADKINS, defendants, to satisfy a judgement in favor of A. A. SUMMERS. This May 1st, 1877 S. P. KEMP, Sheriff NOTICE Estray Notice! Taken up by W. C. CLEGG on the 24th of April 1877, and posted before B. A. BIGBY, Justice of the Peace for Lamar County, Alabama, one black mare mule, aged five years. The owner can come forward and prove property and pay charges, or she will be forfeited tot he taker up. Given under my hand this the 4th day of May 1877. ALEXANDER COBB, Judge of Probate NOTICE – CHANCERY State of Alabama, Lamar County MARY ARMSTRONG, by her next friend, DAVID MCCOLLUM vs ALBERT ARMSTRONG In Chancery, at Vernon, 9th Division West Ch. Division. In this cause it is made to appear to the Register, by the affidavit of complainants solicitor, that the said defendants, ALBERT ARMSTRONG, place of residence is unknown to affiant, and further, in the belief of said affiant, the defendant is over twenty-one years of age. It is therefore ordered by the Register that publication be made in Vernon Pioneer, a newspaper published in the town of Vernon, for four consecutive weeks, requiring him, the said ALBERT ARMSTRONG, to answer or demur to the bill of complaint in this cause by the 23rd day of May 1877. JAS. M. MORTON, Register in Chancery ADVERTISEMENT The PIONEER Job Department is newly replenished and we are prepared to execute all kinds of job work such as cards, posters, circulars, blanks, minutes, mortgage deeds &c. Send in your orders. We work the Cheapest! Address Pioneer, Vernon, Ala. ADVERTISEMENT TRI-WEEKLY HACK TO COLUMBUS. We would announce to the citizens of Vernon and Lamar county, that we have a splendid two horse hack with safe teams and careful driver, which we propose to run regularly with the mails, from this place to Columbus, Miss. Leaves Vernon on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays. Returns on Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays. We solicit from the traveling public a liberal share of patronage. Our charges for travel will be moderate. Give us a trial when you want to go to Columbus. FARRIS & WHEELER. ADVERTISEMENT Best in the World. BLEATCHLEY’S HORIZONTAL ICE-CREAM FREEZER (Engley’s Patent). For saloons, hotels, families, or ice cream manufacturers, in the economy and perfection of its work is entirely unequalled. The closed head will save ice enough in one season to pay for the machine. The tub requires but one filling to freeze. Sizes 3 to 4 (quarts). When in town to the Big Exhibition come and see us or send for descriptive circular and price list. Very liberal arrangements made with the trade. The machines can also be seen at the Centennial Exhib. Agricult’l Hall, Cor. Aisles 9 and N, Column Letter 0, No. 10. C. G. BLATCHLEY, Manuf’r. 500 Commerce Street, Philadelphia. ADVERTISEMENT RAY & SON, Manufacturers and dealers in cotton yarn. Detroit, Ala. Also dealers in general merchandise, which we sell at the lowest cash price. We buy all kinds of country produce at market value, and make a specialty of Hides and Cotton. We are manufacturing a first class line of cotton yarn which we guarantee full weight and count. We solicit orders for yarn from merchants and country dealers. RAY & SON, Detroit, Ala. ADVERTISEMENT The National Protective Association!! Zanesville, Ohio. Incorporated June 19, 1874 Is an Association of Individuals for the purpose of Mutual protection. A sliding scale of annual dues and assessments is adopted. All certificates of membership will guarantee to the representatives or heirs of deceased members in good standing, a sum equal to One Dollar from each surviving member. Any person, male or female between the ages of 18 and 20, in good health may become members of the Association. The fees and dues of this association are in proportion to age. For further information apply to ANDREW MUNROE, Vernon, Ala. SCHOOL ADVERTISEMENT MUD CREEK ACADEMY. Male and Female. Lamar County Alabama (fifteen miles south of Vernon). The first Session of this Institution will open on the First Monday in November, 1876, and continue eight scholastic months. The number of students is limited to 30. Board, including washing, lights, etc. from $7 to $8 per month. Tuition $1 ½, $2, $2 ½, and $3 per month of 20 days. For particulars address the Principal. J. M. I. GUYTON, Co., Sup’t Ed. Vernon, Lamar Co. Ala. Or apply to Trustees: W. M. FORD, A. PRIDMORE, F. M. RICHARD, I. J. BARKSDALE, WM. RICHARDS. SCHOOL ADVERTISEMENT- Announcement. A select High School Male and Female. DR. B. F. REED, A. B. – Principal. This school is located at Pleasant Grove Church, in the vicinity of DR. W. H. KENNEDY’S Store, in the south eastern portion of Lamar county, at the intersection of the Tuskaloosa and Aberdeen and the Fayetteville and Columbus roads. The first session will open on the 30th of October and continue forty weeks. The number of students is limited to 25. Board, washing, and tuition only $12 per month. All students wishing to enter this school will be required to enroll their names for the entire term, and no allowance will be made for time lost by students except in cases of death or protracted sickness; and all students must give satisfactory evidence of their ability to profit by instruction and must have a good moral character. ADVERTISEMENT Agents make $18 a day. Our large life like Steel Engravings of the Presidential Candidates. Send for circular. N. Y. Engraving Co. 35 Wall St. Box 3236, N. Y. ADVERTISEMENT FREEMASON’S MUTUAL Benefit Association, of Cincinnati, O. This is an Association for the benefit and relief of the widows and orphans of deceased members. For further information inquire of ANDREW MUNROE, Vernon, Ala. ADVERTISEMENT O. F. B. SOCIETY – Of Chicago. All can protect their families by joining the Odd Fellow’s Benevolent Society and none should be without such protection. For further information apply to A. MUNROE, at Vernon. SCHOOL ADVERTISEMENT – MALE AND FEMALE SCHOOL. Vernon, Alabama. The Trustees of the Vernon High School take pleasure in announcing that they have made an arrangement with Rev. W. B. GILLHAM to take charge of their Institution for the ensuing school year – to commence on the 1st Monday in November. Mr. Gillham’s long and successful experience as educator of the youth of both sexes warrant us in giving him our highest endorsement and soliciting for our School a liberal patronage. In view of the great stringency in money matters, a reduction has been made from the usual rates of tuition for the present year. We propose for the present year to have a first class English School, and when the patronage will justify, to add a teacher of ancient and perhaps modern languages. Our school will be divided into the following grades and rates per session of 5 months. PRIMARY Alphabetical lessons, Spelling, First lessons in Reading, First lessons in Geography and Mathematical Tables. $7.50 INTERMEDIATE Written or Practical Arithmetic, Eng. Grammar, Descriptive Geography, Orthography, Reading, Penmanship, First lessons in English Composition and History of the United States. $12.50 THIRD CLASS Algebra, Geometry, natural Philosophy, Intellectual Philosophy, Moral Philosophy, Astronomy, English Composition, Rhetoric, Rhetorical Reading, English Grammar completed, Logic and Universal History. $17.50 All tuition fees due on the admission of the pupil, and the payments to be made punctually each quarter (ten weeks) except the first which must be made by the 25th of December. No pupil will be admitted for a less time than the remainder of the session for which he enters, except by special notice at the time of admission. Board including fires, lights, and lodging from eight to ten dollars per month. EXTRA Music on Piano, per month $4.00 Use of Instrument per month 1.00 Vocal Music (science of per mo.) 3.00 A contingent fee of 50 cents will be charged each pupil for the purpose of keeping up fires, etc. For further particulars apply to: Trustees: J. D. MCCLUSKEY, ARTY A. SUMMERS, T. W. SPRINGFIELD, JASON GUIN, M. W. MORTON ADVERTISEMENT – The light running Domestic Sewing Machine is the best. Greatest range of work, best quality of work, the lightest to run, always in order. Domestic Sewing Machine Co. New York and Chicago. The Domestic Underbraider and Sewing Machine, the only perfect Braiding Machine known, costs but so $5 more than the Family Machine. The Domestic Paper Fashions are unexcelled for elegance and perfection of fit. Send 5 cents for an illustrated catalogue. The Domestic Monthly, a Fashion and Literary Journal. Illustrated. Acknowledged authority $1.50 a year with a premium. Specimen copy 15 cents. Agents wanted. Most liberal terms. Domestic Sewing Machine Co. New York and Chicago. ADVERTISEMENT A Dealer wanted in every town in the South for the celebrated WEED SEWING MACHINE. The easiest learned, lightest running, most durable and popular Machine made. Received the highest award at the Centennial. Special inducements offered. Address. Weed Sewing Machine Co. No. Canal Street, New Orleans. ADVERTISEMENT GILMER HOUSE. A. M. KING, Prop’r. The only first class Hotel in the city. PAGE 3 Terms of Subscription One copy one year $1.50 One copy six months 1.00 All subscriptions payable in advance Rates of Advertising One inch, one insertion $1.00 One inch, each subsequent insertions .50 One inch, twelve months 10.00 One inch, six months 7.00 One inch, three months 5.00 Two inches, twelve months 15.00 Two inches, six months 10.00 Two inches, three months 7.00 Quarter Column 12 months 35.00 Half Column, 12 months 60.00 One column, 12 months 100.00 One column, 3 months 35.00 One column, 6 months 60.00 Professional Cards $10.00 Special advertisements in local columns will be charged double rates. advertisements collectable after first insertion Local notices, 20 cents per line. Obituaries, tributes of respect, etc. making over ten line, charged advertising rates . DIRECTORY County Court meets on the 1st Monday in each month. Probate Court meets on 2nd Monday in each month. Commissioner’s Court Meets on the 2nd Monday in February, May, August, and November. (Cut out) Masonic: Vernon Lodge, No. 389, meets on the 2nd Saturday of each month, at 10 a.m. I.O.O.F: Moscow Lodge, No. 45, meets on the 2nd and 4th Saturdays in each month, at 7 p.m. THE PIONEER. Vernon, Friday, May 18, 1877 CANDIDENTIAL ANNOUNCEMENTS. We are authorized to announce D. J. MOLLOY as a candidate for County Treasurer at the election to be held in August next. We are authorized to announce A. J. WHEELER as a candidate for County Commissioner – election next August. We are authorized to announce L. M. WOFFORD as a candidate for Sheriff and Tax Collector for Lamar County – subject to primary election if held. We are authorized to announce JOHN H. HAMILTON as a candidate for Sheriff and Tax Collector of Lamar County, Alabama. We are authorized to announce JAMES MIDDLETON as a candidate for County Treasurer for Lamar County. Election in August. We are authorized to announce E. M. VAN DIVER as a candidate for County Treasurer, election to be held in August next. We are authorized to announce F. M. RICHARDS as a candidate for Sheriff and Tax Collector for Lamar County, election in August. We are authorized to announce M. W. LLOYD as a candidate for Sheriff and Tax Collector for Lamar County, subject to action of the Democratic and Conservative Party. We are authorized to announce W G. RICHARDS as a candidate for County Commissioner 1st District. Election in August. We are authorized to announce HOUSTON HANKINS as a candidate for Sheriff and Tax Collector for Lamar County, Ala. We are authorized to announce JAMES H. COOPER as a candidate for the office of Sheriff and Tax Collector for Lamar County. I take this method of informing my friends throughout the county that I am a candidate for Treasurer for Lamar County. My physical condition is such that I will not be able to make canvas of the county. But, if elected, I promise my fellow citizens to be on hand, at any and all times, at Vernon, and to personally discharge the duties of the office. D. V. LAWRENCE. We are authorized to announce J. E. PENNINGTON as a candidate for Tax Assessor for Lamar County. Subject to the action of the Democratic party. We are authorized to announce W. W. PURNELL of Beaver Creek as a candidate for Tax Assessor for Lamar County at the ensuing August election. We are authorized to announce HENRY HILL as a candidate for Treasurer for Lamar County – Subject to the actions of the Democratic and Conservative party. DAILY DOTTINGS. Messrs. PURNELL and HILL announce themselves as candidates in this issue. Mr. MIDDLETON returned last week. THOS. B. NESMTIH once more in Vernon. MUNROE at Caledonia, Miss at work at his trade. An epidemic of some kind is continually raging through this community. The people are now struck with croquet. As the croqueting grounds are in front of our office, we have the pleasure of seeing men play from morning till night without anything in the shape of dinner to eat. When you go to Columbus, Miss, be sure to call at the Crawford House. MRS. RICHARDS will furnish you with a neat and comfortable room, besides a splendid table, which is always supplied with something rare and spicy. She is a clever and hospitable lady and is well prepared to accommodate you. Read the ADVERTISEMENT of Mr. G. W. COX and go purchase some of his new and elegant crockery. He has the finest assortment of all kinds of crockery in Columbus. When you want anything in his line be sure to give him a call. We are pleased to meet our old friend JON. W. WORRELL, while in Columbus. He is at his old post and says that he will pay the highest market price in cash or exchange groceries such as coffee, sugar, lard, bacon, etc. for country produce, such as sheep, chickens, turkeys, eggs, butter, peas, etc. Take all your produce down and dispose of it to the best advantage. Mr. FARRIS takes pleasure in bringing articles from Columbus. We think him perfectly safe and reliable, and advise the citizens to patronize him. He will bring anything from a boot-jack to a sack of salt. Will take orders from any place on the road. The “OLD RELIABLE” knowing of the usually fine wheat and oat crop in Lamar county has brought out a fine lot Cradles and Scythes. You can just take your choice for the money, but if you haven’t the money, well-take it along, ART sells on credit. On the 5th inst., a portion of the members of Military Springs Lodge of I.O.G.T. were called together by the illegal advertising of the Lodge property for sale by some meddlesome scamps. There is valuable property belonging to the Lodge, besides, as we learn from the Worthy Treasurer, Miss M. A. BOX, money still in the treasury. The property might be sold and the proceeds donated to some charitable purpose, as is generally understood by the members. But we don’t believe that the property will ever be sold, as we are informed by the Worthy Vice, Miss M. F. CRIBBS, the Worthy Secretary, Mr. A. L. BOX, and several other members, that they wish to re-organize. We, the Worthy Chaplain, had much rather re-organize. There are too many sacred memories that fills our soul too full for utterance, that still linger round when we muse o’er sweet hours of blissful pleasure, that are gone forever, ever to meet and scatter to the four ends of the earth, the only dear and hallowed objects that recall the happiest hours of our life back to memory. And today nothing would give us more pleasure than to meet once more with our old comrades round the sacred altar of joy, peace, and love. There ought to be a number of well regulated distilleries in the prairie region to manufacture pure corn whisky for the people. Corn in its bulky state cannot be profitably sent to market from that region; in the concentrated form of good pure whisky it could. – Columbus Democrat. Well, well, well! What a stretch of the imagination! “Corn in its bulky state cannot be profitably sent to market from that region.” And our poor old hungry, bare-footed and bare-headed farmers of Lamar going from 30 to 50 miles to get to the prairies for corn, at 60 to 75 cents per bushel, to geed their lean and half starved wives and children on while they hoe cotton this spring. It’s a shame and disgrace that the people of this county can’t make enough bread to live on. We learn, through MR. LANDFORD, that Mr. TOM. ROBERTSON, in the southern portion of the county, had his house and household furniture, bedding and wearing apparel burned about 10 a. m. on Tuesday last. Mr. Robertson saved nothing, except his corn and meat. There was no one at the house at the time, as his wife, who has two small children, was in the field helping her husband, and had, as was not her custom, carried the children with her. The Vernon merchants and sympathizing friends have generously contributed to their immediate necessities. It would be far better for men to go to the field, and leave their wives in the house to care for the place. The sparrows which swarm in Union Square and never cease investigating the marvelous legs of the Lincoln statue, have been gazing so long at the gigantic sign on the handsome building at the corner of Broadway and 14th Street, that now they unconsciously chirp “Do-mes-tic! Do-mes-tic!” all day long. Yet there is a man just around the corner, who swears he can’t see that the “Domestic” Sewing Machine is the best, although his wife tells him so. He was born blind, poor fellow. The best matched pair in the world and the most popular to use are the Pat. Wood Box Stove Polish Paste and the Pat. Wood Box Shoe Blacking. Mr. JULIUS NATHAN, of Nathan Brothers, of Columbus, Miss., gave us a call on Monday last. The Nathans as Wholesale Tobacco and Liquor Dealers, have no superiors in the Southern country. Having purchasing agents in the North and West, always on the lookout for the interests of the firm, they are enabled to suit the pockets as well as the wants of their many customers – anyhow, Friend JULIUS hit our nail on the head – ordered his Ad to be continued for this (the third) year, left us some of this best chewing tobacco (Missouri plug), and would have otherwise (mis)treated us if we had only been outside of Vernon beat. EDITORIAL – Convention vs Primary Election Mr. Editor – It may be that I have already consumed too much of your valuable space in discussing the question of Convention versus Primary Election. But I have a few other objections to the plan which I desire to offer for public digestion, and I am done. If we could hold a primary election, confining the participants to the Democratic Party alone, and could hold a number of elections thereafter, dropping the lowest candidate each time, until the number be reduced to two, thereby getting an expression from a majority of the party, then there might be some fairness in the plan. But I do most solemnly protest against 100 or 200 voters pledging the entire Democratic party of Lamar county to the support of their choice for county officers. True, the friends of the primary plan will suggest that “if a nominating convention be held, 50 delegates will do what I object to being done by 200 voters”. But I will remind all such that these 50 delegates are to be chosen by the whole party, as our representatives, and selected with a view to their honesty and ability to faithfully represent their friends and neighbors in the choice of officers, as well as guard the interests of the party. We should not forget that the whole party is earnestly requested to meet at the several voting precincts in the county on the 3rd Saturday in June next, for the purpose of selecting by ballot the number of delegates allowed to each beat. These delegates meet at the Court House on the Monday following and will there decide the matter. Now if the people do their duty at these beat meets, and make the selection of delegates upon the plan suggested by the Executive Committees, there is not a doubt, to my mind, but that the action of the delegates, as a nominating convention, will meet a more hearty approval and support from the party at large, than the choice of any 200 indiscriminate voters could possibly receive. In convention the whole party makes the choice, and that too by a two-thirds vote, whilst in a primary election a bare majority or perhaps one-fifth or one-seventh of the party makes the choice for the other four-fifths or six-sevenths. This is a wrong principal, and should not be practices upon the honest voters of the county. If we will turn out on the day appointed and select our delegates and instruct them to go into a nominating convention, I feel assured that no delegate will so far forget his duty to those who sent him as to disregard their wishes. By this means we have whole party to assemble, and the concentrated action of 1200 voters will be brought into play, instead of the 200 who make the nomination in case of a primary election. Three years ago, we held a primary election in this county. I remember it well from the fact that I acted a prominent part in an effort to settle the many disputes and differences gotten up among the candidates. Nor did this election give entire satisfaction, as there were many bolters. I also remember that just upon the eve of that election, a great noise was made about the colored vote. It was stated that the colored voters of the southern end of the county would not participate in the election, that it was unfair to vote the colored men in the northern end against the white men of the southern end, and that such would not be tolerated. If we hold another primary, will the same thing happen? There are some beats in the county where the colored men have always voted the democratic ticket. If we hold another primary, they are entitled to a vote and must have it, they are some 256 strong and can hold the balance of power. The opposite party may have some objection to the colored population participating with us. Their physicians have prescribed the dose, in the several amendments to the Constitution, and forced us to take it; if their own prescription nauseates them they should not lay blame at our party. In conclusion, I can only hope that whatever plan may be pursued will prove satisfactory. I have had my say and will be governed by any action the party may take. NOTICE – TAX SALE I will sell for taxes owed for 1876 on the 18th day of June 1877 before the courthouse door of Lamar County, Ala, between the hours of 10 a.m. and 2 p.m. the following lands, viz: MOSCOW BEAT JOHN R. KING – (land description)…T13, R14 and T13, R15. Tax and costs $17.05. Owner unknown BROWN’S BEAT PETER SMITH’S estate. T13, R14. Tax and costs $4.50. VAIL’S BEAT Owner unknown STRICKLAND’S BEAT LOUIS POLLARD’S estate – T16, R15. Tax and costs $2.80. WILSON’S BEAT C. L. HILL – T17, R15. Tax and costs $4.90 ALFRED POE’S estate – T17, R15. Tax and costs $9.25. Vernon, Ala, May 7, 1877. G. W. WOODS, Tax Collector NOTICE – ADMINISTRATOR’S SALE State of Alabama, Lamar County By virtue of an order of the Probate Court of Lamar County, Alabama, made on the 9th day of May 1877, I will, as administrator of the estate of BENJAMIN PENNINGTON, late of said county, deceased, on the 16th day of June 1877 expose to sale for one eighth cash and the remainder, on a credit of twelve months, at PENNINGTON MILLS, in said county, the following tract of land, to wit: …(land descr.)…Sec 15, T15, R 16. Said land includes the widow dower of which she will be entitled to during her life. This 11th day of May, 1877. JOSEPH PENNINGTON, Adr. of BENJAMIN PENNINGTON, Deceased. NOTICE – CITATION NOTICE H. T. HENSON, Pltff., vs W. B. ROBINSON, Def. Notary Public Court April 28th, 1877. In this case, this day, came the plaintiff and moves the court for judgement against Deft. when it appeared that said attachment was executed by service upon F. M. LACY as garnishee, and also that defendant is a non-resident of this State. It is ordered by the Court, that Saturday the 23rd day of June next, be set for the final hearing of said case and that notice of said day be given by publication in the Vernon Pioneer, a newspaper published in said county, for three consecutive weeks prior to said 23 day of June next, notifying said defendant to appear and pleas answer or demur to plaintiffs demand, or judgement will be made final and said F. M. LACY be required to pay to said plaintiff the amount he answered &c. Given under my hand the 28th day of April 1877 J. S. GUYTON, N. P., and ex-officio J. P. NOTICE – APPLICATION FOR PARDON The State of Alabama, Lamar County To all whom it may concern: Know ye, that I will make an application as the law provides, to His Excellency, Geo. S. Houston, Governor of the State of Alabama, for a pardon of the fine assessed against me at the Spring Term of the Circuit Court of Lamar County, 1877 for a negligent escape. WESLEY CASH Vernon, May 1, 1877 RELIEF NOTICE I am prepared, through J. M. MORGAN & SON, of Columbus, Miss, to advance supplies to farmers to make and complete their crops by being well secured. All who need assistance will call and lets have a talk. ALEXANDER COBB. Those indebted to me, either at the store, office, or mill, will please call and settle. A. COBB. ADVERTISEMENT NATHAN BROS, Importers and wholesale dealers in old bourbon and rye whiskies, wines, liquors, cigars, tobacco and pipes. Columbus and Aberdeen, Miss. N.B. Merchants desiring their shipments from the West can have their orders filled at our Cincinnati House. ADVERTISEMENT The Old Reliable! has now in stock the largest assortment of General Merchandise ever brought to this market. Dry goods, clothing, boots and shoes, hats and caps, glassware, crockery, hardware, tinware, drugs, medicines, etc. In fact, everything the people want from Calomel to Zozodont. I am taking State Obligations at par. Hereafter I sell for Cash or Credit. Parties indebted to me must come forward immediately and settle, else I must go to see them. A. A. SUMMERS ADVERTISEMENT Bargains! STEWART’S Extensive stock of saddlery at cost. Aberdeen, Miss. I have concluded to close out my entire stock of saddlery, the largest in North Mississippi, if not in the State at COST. I advise my friends and the public generally to call immediately as this is no humbug; I mean to say. I have a large and well selected stock of boots and shoes which I will sell as low as the lowest, according to quality, as I do not intend to keep anything but the best of Goods. Boots and shoes made to order. The highest market price paid for Hides and Furs. A. STEWART. ADVERTISEMENT Established 1856. DART & REYNOLDS (A. A. DART) Builders of Light Carriages, New Haven, Conn. Manufacture work expressly for the southern market, and from long experience are thoroughly acquainted with the requirements of the country. The work itself used in every Southern State is its recommendation, and renders a detailed description unnecessary. We also manufacture the celebrated Dexter Buggy, now on Exhibition at the Centennial. The best, easiest and most durable vehicle in existence. For circulars, & c. apply as above. ADVERTISEMENT Are you going to paint? Then use Miller Bros. Chemical paint. Ready for use in White and over one hundred colors made of strictly prime white lead, zinc. and linseed oil. Warranted to last twice as long as nay other paint in the world, and is also much handsomer and cheaper than any other paint – has taken the First Premium at twenty of the State Fairs of the Union, and is on many thousand of the finest houses in the country. Specimen cards sent free. MILLER BROTHERS, 100 Water Str. Cleveland, Ohio. ADVERTISEMENT LEROY BREWER, THOS. DUGAN, H. L. HOPPER, C. A. HARRIS – L. BREWER & CO., Wholesale grocers. Dealers in Northern and Western Goods. Retailers and dealers in domestic and imported wines and liquors. Also Cotton Factors and Commission merchants. Agents for Orange Powder Works, Pratt’s Radiant & Astral Oil, California Gold Seal Wine. N. Schaeffer’s Lard and Candles, S. Davis Jr. & Co. Diamond Hams, Blackwell’s Durbam Smok’g Tobacco. Corner of Commerce and St. Louis Streets, Mobile, Ala. PAGE 4 THE PIONEER. Vernon, Ala. Published Weekly D. R. ALDRIDGE, Publisher SID. B. SMITH, M. D., Editor and Proprietor Friday, May 18, 1877 AGRICULTURAL ARTICLE – “THE LIME CURE” Would it not be a wholesome thing to return to the old time practice of whitewashing fruit trees! Our grand fathers used to say that the application loosened the dead bark and destroyed myriads of injurious insects and eggs harbored beneath it. If we were to accept the fungoid theory of pear-blight we may find comfort in the reflection that lime is one of the most efficient agents in destroying the germs of this insidious disease. Trustworthy persons who have faithfully whitewashed pear trees tell us that the blight has not affected them in a single instance. But if this disease is really caused by a parasitic fungoid plant it is so infinitesimally small as to leave doubts in the minds of the scientists now engaged in its study as to its manner of propagation. Some believe it to be introduced into the tissues of the tree through the roots; others are quite sanguine that spores floating in the air alight on branch or trunk and at once begin the work of destruction. If the latter view is correct, then every portion of the barks should be thoroughly whitewashed - not only the trunk but the branches; even those of small size. A horticultural friend was accustomed or years to apply this old time wash and always with the most gratifying results, but his recipe called for flour of sulpher and good old fashioned soft soap, such as used to be found in every thrifty farmer’s celler when wood ashes were plentiful. Each spring, after examining the roots of all fruit trees for borers, this application was scrubbed on with a stiff brush. A long handle will enable the operator to reach quite high limbs. Those who dislike the dead white of the lime-wash may mix a little lamp black in it, and the effect of pale gray or lead color will result. This whitewashing, at any rate, can do not harm, and so far as insects are concerned, will be found very serviceable. Apropos to this subject, we find the following in the London Journal of Horticulture: Nothing is more easy than to destroy moss on the branches of fruit trees. When the branches are wet, fresh-slacked strong line thrown freely among them will adhere and destroy every vestige of moss. This is far more effectual than using the lime as a wash – applying it with a brush. The lime falling to the ground is also beneficial. In all gardens where moss is prevalent, lime should be annually dusted among the currant and gooseberry bushes and fruit trees after they have been pruned, and before the ground is dug, and cleaner branches, healthier trees, and finer fruit will follow. The lime is also useful in protecting the fruit buds from birds. A man will do more execution in one day in destroying moss thus dusting with lime than will another man in a week with the “whitewash brush”. [Ex. ARTICLE – “TURNIP PATCHES” – from Ark. Grange It is an old custom of the South to pen the cattle on a patch during the spring and summer in order to enrich it for fall turnips. It is a good custom and we advise all our farmer friends to keep it up, particularly where they have no rich, fresh land for the purpose. The ground out to be broken up early and plowed several times during the summer to mix the drippings with the earth and to destroy weeds. Any land can be made rich in this way and if one has a large stock of cattle, he need not stop with a turnip patch, but may fertilize small fields for cotton, corn, or wheat. We once knew an old man in Louisiana who had made a rich farm from the poorest land in the state, by salting all the cattle which ran on the prairie near him on his own land. The turnip patch is of more value than it is credited for; but to make turnips a sure crop, the ground must be plowed deep several times before planting. Such land will retain moisture enough to bring up the seed when other lands are dry and hard. It will well repay the trouble to prepare well before planting. ADVERTISEMENT – G. W. COX. Columbus, Miss. Dealer in all kinds of French, China, Glass, and earthenware. Fruit Jars a specialty. Also, an elegant assortment of Best Silver Plated knives, forks, spoons, &c. At prices below any other offered in the market. Call and see him. ADVERTISEMENT CRAWFORD’S Baking Powder. An improved article for making light and healthy bread, biscuit, cake, rolls, cornbread, griddle cakes, puddings, dumplings, and pastry of every description. It is the cook’s favorite and is warranted perfectly pure and superior to anything of the kind in the market, for healthfulness and strength, producing at all times the most delicious cookery. It is stronger and cheaper than any other baking powder, and is the most economical, convenient, reliable, and nutritious. Please ask your grocer for it and give it a trial. Put up in all sized packages and always warranted. Full weight, full strength, full measure. Orders by mail will receive prompt attention. Samples and price list will be sent to the trade, on application. Crawford & Cline. 176 Furon Street. New York. ADVERTISEMENT Welded Steel and Iron Triple Flange Fire and Burglar Proof Safes. Patent inside bolt work and hinged cap. No safe complete without it. W. H. TERWILLIECER, No. 34 Maiden Lane. Near William St. New York. ADVERTISEMENT To Consumptives. The undersigned having been permanently cured of that dread disease, Consumption, by a simple remedy, is anxious to make known to his fellow sufferers the means of cure. To all who desire it he will send a copy of the prescription used (free of charge) with the directions for preparing and using the same, which they will find a sure cure for Consumption, Asthma, Bronchitis, &c. parties wishing the prescription will please address, Rev. E. A. WILSON, 104 Penn St., Williamsburgh, New York. ADVERTISEMENT PIMPLES – I will mail (free) the recipe for preparing a simple Vegetable balm that will remove Tan, Freckles, Pimples, and Blotches leaving the skin soft, clear and beautiful. Also instructions for producing a luxuriant growth of hair on a bald head or smooth face. Address. BEN. VANDELF & CO. Box 5121, No. 5 Wooster St. N. Y. ADVERTISEMENT Errors of Youth. A gentleman who suffered for years from Nervous Debility, Premature Decay and all the effects of youthful indiscretion will for the sake of suffering humility, send free to all who read it, the recipe and directions for making the simple remedy by which he was cured. Sufferers wishing to profit by the advertiser’s experience can do so by addressing in perfect condition. JOHN B. OGDEN, 42 Cedar St. New York. ADVERTISEMENT Have you tried SIDDALL’S MAGNETIC SOAP? For use in summer and winter. Makes clothes clean, sweet and very white without boiling or scalding. No rough hands! No yellow clothes! No wash boiler! No steam in the house! Guaranteed under $50 penalty not to injure clothes and superior for Toilet and Shaving. Sold at stores or a family package will be sent, express charges prepaid on receipt of One dollar and Fifty cents. One reliable dealer wanted at every prominent point, as Agent, with whom a liberal arrangement will be made. Address F. H. SIDDALL, 106 Market Street, Phila. ADVERTISEMENT Heed the Words of Advice. Tutt’s Pills. Cure sick headache. Require no change of diet. Are purely vegetable. Never gripe or nauseate. Is not contained to this country, but extends to all parts of the world. A clear head, elastic limbs, good digestion, sound sleep, buoyant spirits, fine appetite are some of the results of the use of Tutt’s Pills. 18 Murray Street. New York. ADVERTISEMENT Agents make $18 a day. Our large life like Steel Engravings of the Presidential Candidates. Send for circular. N. Y. Engraving Co. 35 Wall St. Box 3236, N. Y. $12 a day at home. Agents wanted. Outfit and TRUE & CO. Augusta, Maine. Send 25c. to G. P. POWELL & CO., New York, for Pamphlet of 100 pages, lists of 3000 newspapers, and estimates showing cost of advertising. ADVERTISEMENT Notice to our friends and customers in Alabama. We are pleased to be able to inform you that we are prepared to store your cotton in our safe and commodious Ware Houses, and that we have every facility for your comfort and that of your teams. With our Ware Houses at the depot we have comfortable camp-houses, with sheds and feeding troughs. Every attention will be given our Alabama friends. Our wagon yard has been improved and fitted in the most thorough manner. Good cabins, good stables, good fencing. In short, every arrangement has been made that business tact could suggest for the comfort of Campers. CAPT. JOE GOODMAN has charge of the yard at Bank’s old stand, and CAPT. E. C. LEECH at Hale’s Warehouse. BANKS, HALE & CO. Columbus, Miss, Aug 17. ADVERTISEMENT DACOVICH’S RESTAURANT! AND LODGINGS. 7 Royal Street. Mobile, Ala. Fish, oysters and game in season. The best the market affords. Lodgings – 50 cents. Visitors to Mobile will find that Dacovich fills the bill, in comfortable rooms and excellent cuisine. Give him a call. ADVERTISEMENT How to Paint. Painters and property owners desiring pure, good material, should use or stipulate for the use of HARRISON Bros & Co’s “town and county” ready mixed paints. Pure white and 40 different shades, entirely ready for use. Beautiful, durable and economical. Made from Pure material. Tested on thousands of buildings. Handsome and permanent. No waste or loss of time in mixing. Does not crack or peel. Cheaper and better than any other paint. Free from objectionable ingredients generally used in so called “chemical” paints. Sample cards on application. Consumers of paints preferring stock in old past form should use or stipulate for use of Harrison’s pure white lead, oldest brand in the country. Whitest, finest and best. Harrison’s Sylvan Green, exquisite in tint, unrivaled in body, and of never fading shade. Harrison’s standard colors. Umbers, siennas, ochres, blacks, vermillions, blues, and yellows, unequalled for strength and fineness. Best and finest made. Order these brands from your dealer. Take no other. For sale (wholesale only) at 115 Fulton Street, New York. Centennial medals awarded for superiority of Harrison’s Bros.& Co’s paints. ADVERTISEMENT THE NEW HOME SEWING MACHINE was awarded the First Premium at the Centennial Exhibition 1876 and has always carried off the highest honors wherever exhibited. A compact, simple, durable, light running and efficient “lock switch” machine. Adapted to the wants of everybody. The Home Sewing Machine was perfected---years since the aid of the best invention-------Warranted for five years. Live agents wanted in localities where we are not represented. Send for prices, and sample of work done on the home, or call at any of our offices. JOHNSON, CLARK, & CO. 30 Union Square, New York: 564 Washington Street, Boston, Mass. 111 ½ Second Ave, Pittsburgh, Pa.; 141 State Street, Chicago, Ill.; 21 South 5th Street, St. Louis, Mo.; 17 New Montgomery St. San Francisco, Cal. ADVERTISEMENT GULF CITY HOTEL. Corner Water and Conti Streets. Mobile, Ala. This Hotel, with its beautifully furnished rooms, and the best table the market affords, is undoubtedly the cheapest Hotel in the South. Only $2.00 and $2.50 per day, according to room. W. C. MORROW, JR. – Proprietor. ADVERTISEMENT W. H. CLOPTON & SON, Wholesale and retail Grocers and dealers in family supplies. 78 Commerce Street, Aberdeen, Miss. We keep the largest and best stock on market and sell at bottom prices for cash. ADVERTISEMENT Barnes’ Patent Foot Pedal Machinery, Circular and Scroll saws, Lathes, etc. Fancy Wood and Designs. 10 different machines suited to the wants of mechanics and amateurs. Men, boys and ladies are making from $3 to $10 per day using them. Old styles thrown aside when these machines are known. Lumber from ½ to 3 ¼ inches thick hard or soft wood can be ripped by man power at the rate of from 125 to 600 feet per hour, line measure!!! Thousands of them now in use. The Velocipede Scroll Saw for miscellaneous work is admitted by all to be the jolliest little machine in the business. Say what you read this in and send for our 48 page illustrated catalogue. Free. W. F. & John Barnes, Rockford, Winnebago Co., Ill. ADVERTISEMENT Perfection attained at Last. A trial will insure its popularity everywhere. WHITE SUTTLE SEWING MACHINE……White Sewing Machine Co, 358 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, O. Agents Wanted. ADVERTISEMENT T. G. BUSH, R. D. HUNTER, A. P. BUSH, JR. – T. G. BUSH & CO. – Wholesale Grocers. No. 51 and 53 North Commerce Street and 9 and 11 St. Louis Street. Mobile, Ala. Prompt and careful attention given to filling orders from a distance. Mr. C. C. WILLIAMS, is with this house and solicits the patronage of his friends in Alabama and Mississippi ADVERTISEMENT W. KELLERMAN. Manufacturer and dealer in guns, rifles, pistols. Aberdeen, Miss. Breech-loaders a specialty. Muzzle-loaders converted into breech-loaders, at short notice and low figures. Repairing done neatly and with dispatch. All work guaranteed. ADVERTISEMENT ORIGINAL GOODYEAR’S RUBBER GOODS – Vulcanized rubber in every conceivable form. Adopted to Universal use. Any article under four pounds weight can be sent by mail. Wind and Water Proof garments a specialty. Our cloth surface coat combines two garments in one. For stormy weather it is a neat and tidy overcoat. By a peculiar process the rubber is put between the two cloth surfaces, which prevents smelling or sticking even in the hottest climates. They are made in three colors – Blue, Black, and Brown. Are light, portable, strong, and durable. We are now offering them at the extremely low price of $10 each. Sent post paid to any address upon receipt of price. When ordering, state size around chest, over vest. Reliable parties desiring to see our goods, can send for Trade Journal giving description of our leading articles. Be sure and get the “Original Goodyear’s Steam Vulcanized” fabrics. Send for illustrated price-list of our celebrated Pocket Gymnasium. Address carefully, Goodyear’s Rubber Curler Co. 697 Broadway, P. O. Box 5156, New York City. ADVERTISEMENT Silver Plated Ware. Electro-plated table ware!!! and Ornamental art work in great variety manufactured by the Meridian Britannia Company. 550 Broadway New York. The best plated spoons and forks are those silver-plated heaviest on the parts where necessarily the most wear comes, and bearing the trade mark. 1847 – ROGERS BROTHERS--- N.B. – This great improvement in Silver plated spoons and forks is applied alike to each grade of plate. A 1, 3, and 12 oz, as ordered. Process and Machinery for manufacturing these goods are patented. The Extra or “standard plate” made by this company is stamped A1, simply, and is plated 20 per cent heavier than the ordinary market standard. First premiums awarded at all fairs where exhibited, from World’s Fair of 1852 to American Institute Fair, 1875, inclusive. ADVERTISEMENT Begin the New Year with a paper from the State Capitol. The year 1877 will be marked by more important events than any of its predecessors. The Montgomery Advertiser as heretofore will be devoted to the Democratic and Conservative cause, and will be aspiring in its efforts to uphold good government in the State and Union. It is ordered at the following rates: One copy daily – 1 year $10.00 One copy Daily – 6 months 5.00 One copy Weekly – 1 year 2.00 Twenty copies Weekly – 1 year 35.00 Thirty copies Weekly – 1 year 45.00 Postage included. An extra copy will be sent to every person getting up a club. Send money be Registered Letter, Express or Money Order. Address all letters to W. W. SCREWS. Montgomery, Ala. ADVERTISEMENT New Cash Store! LOUIS ROY Dealer in Dry goods, notions, boots, shoes, clothing, hats, caps, &c. 69 Commerce Street. Aberdeen, Miss. J. H. TYRONE is with this house and will be glad to see his Alabama friends ADVERTISEMENT B.T. GIFFORD. Dealer in Watches & Jewelry. 105 Commerce Street, Aberdeen, Miss. Celebrated Elgin watches. Stem winding American and Geneva Watches. Spencer’s Diamond Spectacles. Seth Thomas Clocks, Engraving initials on goods sold free of cost. Watch, clocks, and jewelry repairing done in best manner and warranted. |
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